Nobel Prize Winners in Economics Year Laureate Country Rationale Key contributions (non-exhaustive) 2019 Abhijit Banerjee India United States “experimental approach to alleviating global poverty" Use of RCTs in development economics 2019 Esther Duflo France United States " experimental approach to alleviating global poverty" Use of RCTs in development economics 2019 Michael Kremer United States " experimental approach to alleviating global poverty" Use of RCTs in development economics 2018 Michael Kremer United States " integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis" DICE model 2018 Paul Romer United States " integrating technological innovations into long